THE ROLE OF CARE COORDINATORS VERSUS DOCTORS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC MENTAL ILLNESS IN THE COMMUNITY

Doctors play an important role in a multidisciplinary team, however therapeutic relationships are not limited to between a doctor and a patient. In Community Mental Health Teams, patients are allocated a care coordinator - usually a community psychiatric nurse or a social worker - and they usually become the healthcare provider the patient is most regularly in contact with. Similarly, a practice nurse in General Practice may be the healthcare professional a patient is most familiar with. In these instances, the patient-provider relationship may be stronger than the doctor-patient relationship. Non-doctor and patient relationships play an increasingly important role in improving the patient experience and contributing to information gathering, shared-decision making, and establishment and adherence to treatment plans. Care coordinators may be in a more superior position than doctors to accurately recognise the ongoing and changing needs of a person with mental illness. Patients value continuity of care, compassion, and mutual trust and respect: these qualities can potentially all be provided by any trained healthcare professional. In this paper, we will review the literature on the emerging role of the care coordinator and other healthcare professionals in the management of chronic mental illness in the community

THE ROLE OF CARE COORDINATORS VERSUS DOCTORS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC MENTAL ILLNESS IN THE COMMUNITY

Doctors play an important role in a multidisciplinary team, however therapeutic relationships are not limited to between a doctor and a patient. In Community Mental Health Teams, patients are allocated a care coordinator - usually a community psychiatric nurse or a social worker - and they usually become the healthcare provider the patient is most regularly in contact with. Similarly, a practice nurse in General Practice may be the healthcare professional a patient is most familiar with. In these instances, the patient-provider relationship may be stronger than the doctor-patient relationship. Non-doctor and patient relationships play an increasingly important role in improving the patient experience and contributing to information gathering, shared-decision making, and establishment and adherence to treatment plans. Care coordinators may be in a more superior position than doctors to accurately recognise the ongoing and changing needs of a person with mental illness. Patients value continuity of care, compassion, and mutual trust and respect: these qualities can potentially all be provided by any trained healthcare professional. In this paper, we will review the literature on the emerging role of the care coordinator and other healthcare professionals in the management of chronic mental illness in the community

Hydrogen Sulfide Prodrugs—A review

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is recognized as one of three gasotransmitters together with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). As a signaling molecule, H2S plays an important role in physiology and shows great potential in pharmaceutical applications. Along this line, there is a need for the development of H2S prodrugs for various reasons. In this review, we summarize different H2

Internal Contrastive Learning for Generalized Out-of-distribution Fault Diagnosis (GOOFD) Framework

Fault diagnosis is essential in industrial processes for monitoring the conditions of important machines. With the ever-increasing complexity of working conditions and demand for safety during production and operation, different diagnosis methods are required, and more importantly, an integrated fault diagnosis system that can cope with multiple tasks is highly desired. However, the diagnosis subtasks are often studied separately, and the currently available methods still need improvement for such a generalized system. To address this issue, we propose the Generalized Out-of-distribution Fault Diagnosis (GOOFD) framework to integrate diagnosis subtasks, such as fault detection, fault classification, and novel fault diagnosis. Additionally, a unified fault diagnosis method based on internal contrastive learning is put forward to underpin the proposed generalized framework. The method extracts features utilizing the internal contrastive learning technique and then recognizes the outliers based on the Mahalanobis distance. Experiments are conducted on a simulated benchmark dataset as well as two practical process datasets to evaluate the proposed framework. As demonstrated in the experiments, the proposed method achieves better performance compared with several existing techniques and thus verifies the effectiveness of the proposed framework

Exploring the Balance Between Urban and Ecology Based on Fractal City Theory——Taking the Northern Metropolis of Hong Kong as an Example

As the times progressed, the large countryside-dominated area to the north of Hong Kong, adjacent to Shenzhen, needed further development. This research is based on fractal urbanism and horizontal urbanism and attempts to explore a new urban development model from the perspective of balancing urban and countryside areas. At present, there is a contradiction between ecological conservation and urban development in the area. Recent urbanization has resulted in habitat fragmentation, which has led to a significant decline in biodiversity, a lack of natural green space within the city, and low environmental quality, etc. To improve the above urban problems, we propose an evaluation method that divides the greening rate within the scope of human activities into five grades. And put forward a greening promotion method. Taking the Deep bay area in North New Territories of Hong Kong as an example, an ideal solution is proposed

A Study on the Practice of Folk Dance Culture in Kindergarten

China is characterized by a long history of development and a rich and colorful national culture. Folk dance culture shines in the field of excellent traditional culture. However, the progress of social development has led to the gradual extinction of folk dance. Preschool education, as the beginning stage of education in a person’s life, is a favorable time to embrace folk dance culture. By integrating folk dance into the stage of preschool education, it is conducive to carry forward the traditional culture of the nation and fostering national self-confidence and national pride in children while passing on the excellent traditional culture. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the path of combining folk dance culture with early childhood education

IL-6 mediates platinum-induced enrichment of ovarian cancer stem cells

In high-grade serous ovarian cancer (OC), chemotherapy eliminates the majority of tumor cells, leaving behind residual tumors enriched in OC stem cells (OCSC). OCSC, defined as aldehyde dehydrogenase–positive (ALDH+), persist and contribute to tumor relapse. Inflammatory cytokine IL-6 is elevated in residual tumors after platinum treatment, and we hypothesized that IL-6 plays a critical role in platinum-induced OCSC enrichment. We demonstrate that IL-6 regulates stemness features of OCSC driven by ALDH1A1 expression and activity. We show that platinum induces IL-6 secretion by cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment, promoting OCSC enrichment in residual tumors after chemotherapy. By activating STAT3 and upregulating ALDH1A1 expression, IL-6 treatment converted non-OCSC to OCSC. Having previously shown altered DNA methylation in OCSC, we show here that IL-6 induces DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression and the hypomethylating agent (HMA) guadecitabine induced differentiation of OCSC and reduced — but did not completely eradicate — OCSC. IL-6 neutralizing antibody (IL-6-Nab) combined with HMA fully eradicated OCSC, and the combination blocked IL-6/IL6-R/pSTAT3–mediated ALDH1A1 expression and eliminated OCSC in residual tumors that persisted in vivo after chemotherapy. We conclude that IL-6 signaling blockade combined with an HMA can eliminate OCSC after platinum treatment, supporting this strategy to prevent tumor recurrence after standard chemotherapy

Therapeutic targeting using tumor specific peptides inhibits long non-coding RNA HOTAIR activity in ovarian and breast cancer

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in human diseases, including cancer. Functional studies of the lncRNA HOTAIR (HOX transcript antisense RNA) provide compelling evidence for therapeutic targeting of HOTAIR in cancer, but targeting lncRNAs in vivo has proven to be difficult. In the current study, we describe a peptide nucleic acids (PNA)-based approach to block the ability of HOTAIR to interact with EZH2 and subsequently inhibit HOTAIR-EZH2 activity and resensitize resistant ovarian tumors to platinum. Treatment of HOTAIR-overexpressing ovarian and breast cancer cell lines with PNAs decreased invasion and increased chemotherapy sensitivity. Furthermore, the mechanism of action correlated with reduced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation and decreased expression of NF-κB target genes matrix metalloprotease 9 and interleukin 6. To deliver the anti-lncRNA to the acidic (pH approximately 6) tumor microenvironment, PNAs were conjugated to pH-low insertion peptide (pHLIP). Treatment of mice harboring platinum-resistant ovarian tumor xenografts with pHLIP-PNA constructs suppressed HOTAIR activity, reduced tumor formation and improved survival. This first report on pHLIP-PNA lncRNA targeting solid tumors in vivo suggests a novel cancer therapeutic approach

Synthesis and antiviral activities of a novel class of thioflavone and flavonoid analogues

AbstractA novel class of thioflavone and flavonoid derivatives has been prepared and their antiviral activities against enterovirus 71 (EV71) and the coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and B6 (CVB6) were evaluated. Compounds 7d and 9b showed potent antiviral activities against EV71 with IC50 values of 8.27 and 5.48μM, respectively. Compound 7f, which has been synthesized for the first time in this work, showed the highest level of inhibitory activity against both CVB3 and CVB6 with an IC50 value of 0.62 and 0.87μM. Compounds 4b, 7a, 9c and 9e also showed strong inhibitory activities against both the CVB3 and CVB6 at low concentrations (IC50=1.42−7.15μM), whereas compounds 4d, 7c, 7e and 7g showed strong activity against CVB6 (IC50=2.91–3.77μM) together with low levels of activity against CVB3. Compound 7d exhibited stronger inhibitory activity against CVB3 (IC50=6.44μM) than CVB6 (IC50>8.29μM). The thioflavone derivatives 7a, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f and 7g, represent a new class of lead compounds for the development of novel antiviral agents